SHIP STRIKE: Cruise ship strikes fin whale

SUN0725N-JLSwhale.jpgA cruise ship arrived in Vancouver over the weekend with a fin whale attached to its bow. It’s still unclear whether or not the whale was killed by the ship or if it was already dead. There is some evidence that it may have been sick. The image is by Jenelle Schneide. From the Vancouver Sun:

The dead fin whale dragged to shore by a cruise ship had no food in its stomach, indicating it may have been sick, preliminary results from a necropsy reveal, said Paul Cottrell, marine mammal coordinator for the department of fisheries and oceans.

The female whale also had a thin layer of blubber, he said. While a thick layer indicates good health, providing a good layer of insulation and indicating the whale has been foraging, a thin layer doesn’t necessarily suggest bad health, Cottrell said, before explaining the thin layer of blubber may merely be a result of nutrients lost when the whale had been producing calves.

But the middle-aged whale wasn’t likely reproducing anymore at this stage in her life, according to the official.

Cottrell said it’s still unclear if the impact if the ship killed the whale or if it had been dead already. The final necropsy report should be completed within a couple of weeks, he said.


More images showing ship strikes:

Ship Strike

The endangered sei whale, identified by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, didn’t stand a chance against this 800-foot container ship. According to the Maryland DNR:

The 36-foot, 8 ½ ton male was identified as a sei whale, an endangered species typically found in offshore waters. A team of biologists, led by MD DNR and the Smithsonian Institution, spent much of the day conducting a necropsy, or animal autopsy, on the whale to determine the cause of death. Initially, it wasn’t clear whether the whale was already dead and floating when the ship struck it, or whether the collision killed it. The necropsy revealed numerous broken bones includingcrew performing necropsy ribs, evidence of hemorrhaging, and a blood clot behind the head, suggesting that the animal was alive when struck and died as the result of blunt trauma. NOAA Fisheries’ Office of Law Enforcement is investigating the case because of the animal’s status as an endangered species, but it is unclear at this point if any charges will be filed by the agency.

Right Whale Ship StrikeThe North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is particularly vulnerable to ship strikes, since the bulk of the highly endangered population resides in the Northwest Atlantic where vessel traffic is very frequent.

North Atlantic right whales are so rare that the population can’t afford to lose a single individual, especially breeding females. NOAA has been working on new regulations designed to prevent ship strikes. Oddly, former Vice President Dick Cheney interfered with the rule making. From NOAA:

Years of study and effort by NOAA and the U.S. Coast Guard will pay off this summer when two changes to shipping lanes into Boston are implemented. Both changes significantly reduce the risk of collisions between large ships and whales.

.       .       .

Slow moving North Atlantic right whales — among the most endangered whales in the world — are highly vulnerable to ship collisions, since their primary feeding and migration areas overlap with major East Coast shipping lanes. Along with existing measures to prevent entanglement of right whales in fishing gear and regulations to reduce ship strikes by slowing ships, these changes in vessel operations are a part of the comprehensive approach that NOAA has taken in its effort to help right whales recover.

“Through years of study we have determined that these changes will likely provide a safer environment for whales and mariners, and at the same time, provide the least amount of disruption and impact to the economy,” said Jim Balsiger, NOAA’s acting assistant administrator for NOAA’s Fisheries Service. “NOAA and our partners are working extremely hard to do all we can to help save this critically endangered species, while helping mariners stay safe and productive.”

OMB Watch discusses former Vice President Dick Cheney’s shenanigans or obstruction of the ship strike rule:

New evidence shows that the White House is meddling with a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) rule to protect the North Atlantic right whale — one of the most critically endangered whale species in the world. The rule has been awaiting clearance — or, more accurately, gathering dust — at the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) since February 2007.

.       .       .

Stalling regulations and putting politics ahead of science is always bad, but they are especially troubling in this instance, as time is of the essence for the right whale. Fewer than 350 of the mammals remain. Since the summer of 2004, seven have died as a result of ship strikes, according to Waxman. Two right whales have been struck by ships, and one has likely died, in the time the rule has been stuck at OIRA. NMFS officials warn that even one more dead female could set the species on an irrevocable path toward extinction.

NMFS experts have been working diligently to extend protections for the right whale but have been stonewalled by political apparatchiks like OIRA Administrator Susan Dudley and Vice President Dick Cheney. The White House’s delay and scientific interference is truly an example of executive power run amok.

Hat tip to Kevin.

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MARINE MAMMALS: Humpback whale spotted swimming under Verrazano Bridge in New York Harbor

More at Gawker.

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RIGHT WHALE news

The first North Atlantic right whale since 1888 has been sighted around the waters of the Azores. From Wildlife Extra, UK:

The right whale was formerly common on both sides of the North Atlantic. According to the IUCN Red List it is endangered and appears to be effectively extinct in the eastern North Atlantic. In the past they probably ranged from a calving ground in the Golfo de Cintra (23°N) off Western Sahara, through the Azores, Bay of Biscay, western British Isles, and the Norwegian Sea to the North Cape.

A North Atlantic right whale was freed of fishing gear late in December last year. From the Washington Post:

The team did not pull either of the fishing lines out of the whale’s mouth, because doing so could harm it. On Sunday, the group determined through an aerial sighting that the animal was free of the line, making it less likely that it would develop an infection, which in some instances can lead to death.

Smith estimated that only 50 percent of attempts to disentangle whales succeed.

Federal officials have been crafting new fishing gear regulations in an effort to reduce the number of such entanglement incidents. Beginning in April, all East Coast fisheries that use trap pots will have to use sinking lines that lie on the sea floor, rather than float in the water. “That’s going to be a major risk reduction,” said David Gouveia, marine mammal program coordinator for NOAA Fisheries.

The government is also now requiring “weak links” in the sink gill nets used to catch ground fish, so that if a whale runs into the net it will break rather than trap the animal. Gouveia described the rules as “a two-pronged approach” aimed at addressing entanglements, adding that NOAA has spent more than $9 million on “buyback programs” so fisherman can modify their gear.

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Credit for above : Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission under NOAA Permit #932-1489)

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MARINE MAMMALS: Navy starts new controversy over its use of sonar

Now, the Navy wants to conduct sonar exercises nearby North Atlantic right whale critical habitat. From Florida Today, FL:

Navy subs could one day play war games about 60 miles off Jacksonville, with sonic pings that environmental groups fear might ring a death knell for the critically endangered North Atlantic right whale.

“At the closest ranges, it can actually lead to internal bleeding in the brain and ears,” Zak Smith, attorney with Natural Resources Defense Council, said of the 300 planned sonar devices.

That, in turn, could result in damage to the giant mammals’ ability to navigate, increasing the risk of beaching and death as they migrate and calve along Florida’s east coast — including the Space Coast — primarily in January and February.

The estimated $100 million Undersea Warfare Training Range would be about 660 square miles, and includes the path that right whales take on their annual trek from New England to bear young in the warmer waters from Georgia to Sebastian Inlet.

Military officials say they need the range to prepare for hunting foreign subs. Environmental groups say run-ins with right whales would be unavoidable and that the range could go elsewhere, far from such prime calving grounds.

.       .       .

Navy officials said the area off Jacksonville is ideal for training sailors to hunt quiet, hard-to-detect diesel subs, given its similar shallow waters — 120 to 900 feet deep — as the South China and Arabian seas.

The Navy would line the ocean floor with a network of undersea cables and up to 300 sonar devices that can transmit and receive sounds.

The mid-frequency sonar can reach 235 decibels, as loud as a space shuttle blasting off, although sound travels differently underwater and is far less damaging.

Environmentalists say these types of sonar systems have been involved in several mass marine mammal die-offs in the past.

Beyond causing potentially fatal inner ear damage, sonar can inhibit the whale’s ability to communicate, masking calls from potential mates and separating calves from mothers. It also can cause chronic stress and lower rates of reproduction.

The two systems, known as SQS-53 and SQS-56, emit sound up to 235 decibels, approaching levels used by the Navy during an exercise in the Bahamas in 2000 suspected of causing 16 whales to beach themselves.

An environmental impact study by the Navy, released in September, concluded that the proposed testing range would be far enough away from right whales’ typical traveling routes that the sonar shouldn’t cause any long-term harm, and collisions with vessels could be avoided.

Give them an inch, and they’ll take a mile: Winter v. NRDC or the whale case, which was decided by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2008, “is best read as the latest articulation of the Supreme Court’s belief that military readiness activities are ‘special’ when it comes to forced compliance with the federal environmental laws.” From the NRDC:

“The Supreme Court held that the lower courts did not properly balance the competing interests at stake, and struck down two significant safeguards that reduce harm to whales from high-intensity sonar training,” said Joel Reynolds, senior attorney and director of NRDC’s marine mammal program. “The decision places marine mammals at greater risk of serious and needless harm. However it is a narrow ruling that leaves in place four of the injunction’s six safeguards. It is significant that the court did not overturn the underlying determination that the Navy likely violated the law by failing to prepare an environmental impact statement.”

“It is gratifying that the court did not accept the Navy’s expansive claims of executive power, and that two thirds of the injunction remains intact,” said Richard Kendall, NRDC co-counsel.

The Navy acknowledges that sonar can be deadly to marine mammals, and that the exercises at issue would “take” an estimated 170,000 marine mammals, including causing permanent injury to more than 500 whales and temporary deafness to at least 8,000 whales.

right-whale

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MARINE MAMMALS: Right whale shuts down Cape Cod Canal

right-whale-sightingsnorth-atlantic-right-whaleIMAGE: The above image illustrates the Cape Cod Canal right whale sighting marked as 1.  The image at left shows a right whale with calf. Image by NOAA.

Earlier this week, the Cape Cod Canal was closed for several hours to allow a North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) safe passage through the canal. The North Atlantic right whale is a critically endangered species, and it is threatened by ship strikes. NOAA finally promulgated regulations to mitigate deadly interactions with cargo ships after some substantial foot dragging by the Bush Administration. Apparently, Vice President Dick Cheney’s office was instrumental in delaying the process. However, Senator John Kerry introduced legislation earlier this year (The Ship Strike Reduction Act of 2008), which required the “Bush Administration to finalize a rule establishing speed limits for specified vessels in migratory paths of North Atlantic right whales.” The North Atlantic right whale is so critically endangered that its population cannot sustain any loss of individuals, especially breeding females. From the Boston Globe:

It is relatively rare for a right whale to find its way into the canal. It only happens about once or twice a year, said Scott Landry, director of whale rescues at the Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies.

“It just happens by chance. Most whale species tend to wander quite a bit,” said Landry. “Just because it was by the canal we don’t think there was something wrong. Wandering is a natural part of the whale.”

The 35-foot whale entered on the Cape Cod Bay side and it was escorted by a US Army Corps of Engineers boat through to the Buzzards Bay side of the canal.

The whale appeared unharmed, said Dave Carriuolo, a marine traffic controller with the Corps at the canal, and there were no significant delays in commercial traffic.

The whale was initially spotted around 9:30 this morning. The canal was closed at 1 p.m. and reopened at 3 p.m. said Carriuolo.

Ships must begin to slow down for North Atlantic right whales. From NOAA:

Ships in southeastern Atlantic and mid-Atlantic U.S. waters must slow down to protect endangered right whales starting this week.

A landmark regulation going into effect on Dec. 9 will require ships 65 feet or longer to travel at 10 knots or less in certain areas where right whales gather. These new speed restrictions will take effect in waters off New England beginning in January 2009 when whales begin gathering in this area as part of their annual migration. The goal is to reduce the chances ships will collide with whales, injuring or killing them.

With only 300 to 400 in existence, North Atlantic right whales are among the most endangered whales in the world. Their slow movements and time spent at the surface and near the coast make right whales highly vulnerable to being struck by ships, especially since shipping lanes into East Coast ports cut across their migration routes.

The 10-knot speed restriction will extend out to 20 nautical miles around major mid-Atlantic ports. According to NOAA researchers, about 83 percent of right whale sightings in the mid-Atlantic region occur within 20 nautical miles of shore. The speed restriction also applies in waters off New England and the southeastern U.S., where whales gather seasonally.

The speed restrictions apply in the following approximate locations at the following times; they are based on times whales are known to be in these areas:

Southeastern U.S. from St. Augustine, Fla. to Brunswick, Ga. from Nov. 15 to April 15
Mid-Atlantic U.S. areas from Rhode Island to Georgia from Nov. 1 to April 30
Cape Cod Bay from Jan. 1 to May 15
Off Race Point at northern end of Cape Cod from March 1 to April 30
Great South Channel of New England from April 1 to July 31

NOAA also will call for temporary voluntary speed limits in other areas or times when a group of three or more right whales is confirmed. Scientists will assess whether the speed restrictions are effective before the rule expires in 2013.

On the Net:

  1. Latest Right Whale Sightings
  2. Chairman Waxman Releases Internal Administration Documents, Calls for Right Whale Protections
  3. NOAA Files Final Environmental Impact Statement on Ship Strike Reduction Measures

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